Treatments

Uterine fibroids are tumors that grow in a woman's womb (uterus). These growths are typically not cancerous (benign). Uterine fibroids are common. As many as one in five women may have fibroids during their childbearing years. Half of all women have fibroids by age 50. Fibroids are rare in women under age 20. They are more common in African ,Americans ,Asian womens.No one knows exactly what causes fibroids. They are thought to be caused by:Hormones in the body ,Genes (may run in families) Fibroids can be so tiny that you need a microscope to see them. They can also grow very large. They may fill the entire uterus and may weigh several pounds or kilograms. Although it is possible for just one fibroid to develop, most often there is more than one. Fibroids types -growing in the uterus: In the muscle wall of the uterus (myometrial) Just under the surface of the uterine lining (submucosal) ,Just under the outside lining of the uterus (subserosal), On a long stalk on the outside the uterus or inside the uterus (pedunculated)

Cervical Cerclage (encerclage)- Cervical cerclage is performed as an attempt to prolong pregnancy in certain women who are at higher risk of preterm delivery. Cerclage placement may be indicated by a history of cervical insufficiency or by certain sonographic or physical exam findings in a current pregnancy. A cerclage is done in the second trimester of pregnancy to prevent preterm birth. Why is a cerclage placed? Sometimes the cervix isn't strong enough to stay closed as the pregnancy grows. This weakness is called cervical insufficiency (formerly called an incompetent cervix). The procedure is safe during pregnancy up to 24 weeks.

Family planning- Family planning allows people to attain their desired number of children, if any, and to determine the spacing of their pregnancies. It is achieved through use of contraceptive methods and the treatment of infertility. Among the 1.9 billion Women of Reproductive Age group (15-49 years) worldwide in 2019, 1.1 billion have a need for family planning; of these, 842 million are using contraceptive methods, and 270 million have an unmet need for contraception . The proportion of the need for family planning satisfied by modern methods, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicator 3.7.1, has stagnated globally at around 77% from 2015 to 2020 but increased from 55% to 58% in the Africa region Only one contraceptive method, condoms, can prevent both a pregnancy and the transmission of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Use of contraception advances the human right of people to determine the number and spacing of their children. Methods of contraception include oral contraceptive pills, implants, injectables, patches, vaginal rings, Intra uterine devices, condoms, male and female sterilization, lactational amenorrhea methods, withdrawal and fertility awareness based methods. These methods have different mechanisms of action and effectiveness in preventing unintended pregnancy. The most common form of permanent birth control (contraception) for women is called a tubal ligation or having the "tubes tied." This is a safe and highly effective option for women who wish to prevent pregnancy permanently.

ART-assisted reproductive techniques Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is used to treat infertility. It includes fertility treatments that handle both eggs and sperm. It works by removing eggs from the ovaries. The eggs are then mixed with sperm to make embryos. The embryos are then put back in the parent's body. ART procedures involve surgically removing eggs from a woman’s ovaries, combining them with sperm in the laboratory, and returning them to the woman’s body or donating them to another woman. Difficulty with conception is a common reason for young couples to present to their primary care physician. Fertility assistance, whether minimal or high level, aims to optimise the chances of having a singleton pregnancy and the birth of a healthy baby. IVF and ICSI are forms of assisted reproductive treatment (ART) in which eggs are fertilised with sperm outside the body. IVF is a treatment that can help hopeful parents struggling with a range of fertility issues to successfully conceive and deliver a child, You Control the Timeline, Improved Chances of Having a Healthy Baby, A Lower Risk of Miscarriage, Use of Donated Eggs or Sperm,Improved Chances of Conception. IVF is used for female infertility and unexplained infertility, and ICSI is used when there is a male cause of infertility. Allow control over time: Assisted reproductive technology helps people to plan and time their pregnancy according to their will. Using cryopreservation, they can also store their eggs or embryos for the future.

LSCS-also called as lower( uterine )segment Caesarean section. Is the most commonly used type of section to deliver the baby a through surgical incision in the abdomen and uterus (transeverse incision ) is made in the lower uterine segment above the attachment of the urinary bladder to the uterus.Its typically done when complications from pregnancy to make vaginal birth difficult. Or when the pregnancy put the mother and child at risk. Like if fetal heart sounds reduced (featl distress) if mother unable to sustain , unsuccessful induction of labour, if USG shows mal-presentation of the baby (breech, occiput posterior) placenta previa, placental abruption(abruptio placenta) or previous LSCs, Scar dehiscence, antepartum bleeding, repeated loss of babies, (bad obstetrics history), pre eclampsia with severe complications, Gestational Hypertension, Gestational Diabetes , Big baby. Sometimes Caesarean sections are planned earlier in the pregnancy, we called it as Elective CS. Also this type of delivery currently become a way of escaping from the labor pain.

HSG-Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an X-ray procedure that is used to view the inside of the uterus and fallopian tubes. It often is used to see if the fallopian tubes are partly or fully blocked. It also can show if the inside of the uterus is a normal size and shape. Your HSG test results are normal if the liquid dye flows through your fallopian tubes and spills out, indicating that there aren't any blockages. (The spilled dye flows into your abdomen and is absorbed by the body.) you have been trying to get pregnant for quite some time and have found no success yet then a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is one of the most important preliminary tests you may be required to take.A women can immediately perform her activities can walk. Minimal discomfort in the abdomen will be there for around ten minutes. Interestingly, some women actually do have greater success getting pregnant naturally after HSG – in fact, the chances can increase as much as 25% for up to three months after the procedure. It may be due to tubal flushing from the oil-based contrast fluid, or even the dye solution enhancing the lining of the uterus.